Scientific Studies
Alkaline Mineral Water Health Benefits with Scientific Studies Citations
- Chan, Y. M., Shariff, Z. M., Chin, Y. S., Ghazali, S. S., Lee, P. Y., & Chan, K. S. (2022). Associations of alkaline water with metabolic risks, sleep quality, muscle strength: A cross-sectional study among postmenopausal women. PLOS ONE,
17(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275640 - Hansen, T. H., Thomassen, M. T., Madsen, M. L., Kern, T., Bak, E. G., Kashani, A., Allin, K. H., Hansen, T., & Pedersen, O. (2018). The effect of drinking water pH on the human gut microbiota and glucose regulation: Results of a randomized controlled cross-over intervention. Scientific Reports, 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34761-5
- Tanaka,Y., Saihara, Y., Izumotani, K., & Nakamura, H. (2018). Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Medical Gas Research, 8(4), 160-166. https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.248267
- Tashiro,H., Kitahora, T., Fujiyama, Y., & Banba, T. (2000). Clinical evaluation of alkali-ionized water for chronic diarrhea e placebocontrolled double-blind study. Dig. Absorpt, 23, 52-56.
- Tanaka, Y., Saihara, Y., Izumotani, K., & Nakamura, H. (2018). Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Medical Gas Research, 8(4), 160-166. https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.248267
- Hansen, TH, Thomassen MT, Madsen ML, Kern T, Bak EG, Kashani A, Allin KH, Hansen T, Pedersen O. The effect of drinking water pH on the human gut microbiota and glucose regulation: results of a randomized controlled cross-over intervention. Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 9;8(1):16626. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34761-5. PMID: 30413727; PMCID: PMC6226457.
- Tanaka, Y., Saihara, Y., Izumotani, K., & Nakamura, H. (2018). Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Medical Gas Research, 8(4), 160-166. https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.248267
- Shin, D. W., Yoon, H., Kim, H. S., Choi, Y. J., Shin, C. M., Park, Y. S., Kim, N., & Lee, D. H. (2018). Effects of Alkaline-Reduced Drinking Water on Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Evidence-Based
Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9147914 - Heil, D.P. Acid-base balance and hydration status following consumption of mineral-based alkaline bottled water. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 7, 29 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-7-29
- Weidman, J., Holsworth, R. E., Jr, Brossman, B., Cho, D. J., St Cyr, J., & Fridman, G. (2016). Effect of electrolyzed high-pH alkaline water on blood viscosity in healthy adults. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 13, 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0153-8
- König, D., Muser, K., Dickhuth, H.H., Berg, A. and Deibert, P., 2009. Effect of a supplement rich in alkaline minerals on acid-base balance in humans. Nutrition journal, 8, pp.1-8.
- Heil DP, Bennett GG, Bond KS, Webster MD, Wolin KY. Influence of activity monitor location and bout duration on free-living physical activity. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2009 Sep;80(3):424-33. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2009.10599580. PMID: 19791628.
- Chan, Y. M., Shariff, Z. M., Chin, Y. S., Ghazali, S. S., Lee, P. Y., & Chan, K. S. (2022). Associations of alkaline water with metabolic risks, sleep quality, muscle strength: A cross-sectional study among postmenopausal women. PloS one, 17(10), e0275640. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275640
- Zhang, G., Deng, T., Deng, R., Sun, X., He, Y., & Liu, Z. (2022). Baseline urine pH is related to effective urine alkalization by short-term alkaline water supplementation: data from a self-controlled study in healthy Chinese volunteers following a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature. Translational andrology and urology, 11(5), 710–719. https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-22-280
- Merne, M. E., Syrjänen, K. J., & Syrjänen, S. M. (2001). Systemic and local effects of long-term exposure to alkaline drinking water in rats. International journal of experimental pathology, 82(4), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2613.2001.iep0082-0213-x
- Choi, Y. A., Lee, D. H., Cho, D. Y., & Lee, Y. J. (2020). Outcomes Assessment of Sustainable and Innovatively Simple Lifestyle Modification at the Workplace – Drinking Electrolyzed-Reduced Water (OASIS-ERW): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(7), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9070564
- Park, S. K., & Park, S. K. (2013). Electrolyzed-reduced water increases resistance to oxidative stress, fertility, and lifespan via insulin/IGF-1-like signal in C. elegans. Biological research, 46(2), 147–152. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-97602013000200005
- Watanabe, T., Kishikawa, Y., & Shirai, W. (1997). Influence of alkaline ionized water on rat erythrocyte hexokinase activity and myocardium. The Journal of toxicological sciences, 22(2), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.22.2_141
- Steffl, M., Kinkorova, I., Talar, K., Jandova, T., Moulisova, K., Omcirk, D., Malecek, J., Chrudimsky, J., Wilk, M., Stastny, P., & Petr, M. (2021). The Effects of High Mineral Alkaline Water Consumed Over Three Consecutive Days on Reaction Time Following Anaerobic Exercise – A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Study. Journal of human kinetics, 78, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0046
- Magro, M., Corain, L., Ferro, S., Baratella, D., Bonaiuto, E., Terzo, M., Corraducci, V., Salmaso, L., & Vianello, F. (2016). Alkaline Water and Longevity: A Murine Study. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2016, 3084126. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3084126
- Fasihi, S., Fazelian, S., Farahbod, F., Moradi, F., & Dehghan, M. (2021). Effect of Alkaline Drinking Water on Bone Density of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis. Journal of menopausal medicine, 27(2), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.6118/jmm.20036
- Tanaka Y, Saihara Y, Izumotani K, Nakamura H. Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Med Gas Res. 2019 Jan 9;8(4):160-166. doi: 10.4103/2045-9912.248267. PMID: 30713669; PMCID: PMC6352572
- Koyama, K. (2008). Effect of hydrogen saturated alkaline electrolyzed water on urinary oxidative stress markers after an acute exercise: A randomized controlled trial. Anti-aging Med, 4, 117-122.
- Schwalfenberg G. K. (2012). The alkaline diet: is there evidence that an alkaline pH diet benefits health?. Journal of environmental and public health, 2012, 727630. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/727630
- LeBaron T, et al. (2022). Electrolyzed–reduced water: Review II: Safety concerns and effectiveness as a source of hydrogen water. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736533/
- Logozzi M, et al. (2020). In vivo antiaging effects of alkaline water supplementation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32106720/
- Tanaka Y, et al. (2018). Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6352572/
- Weidman, J, et al. (2016). Effect of electrolyzed high-pH alkaline water on blood viscosity in healthy adults. https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-016-0153-8
- Fasihi S, et al. (2021). Effect of alkaline drinking water on bone density of
postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8408322/ - Hopkins, E, et al. (2022). Physiology, acid base balance. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507807/
- Jackson, K, et al. (2018). Effects of alkaline-electrolyzed and hydrogen-rich water, in a high-fat-diet nonalcoholic fatty liver disease mouse model. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30568387/
- Tanaka,Y., Saihara, Y., Izumotani, K., & Nakamura, H. (2019). Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Medical gas research, 8(4), 160–166. https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.248267
- Logozzi, M., Mizzoni, D., Di Raimo, R., Andreotti, M., Macchia, D., Spada, M., & Fais, S. (2020). In vivo antiaging effects of alkaline water supplementation. Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry, 35(1), 657–664. https://doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2020.1733547
- Xue, J., Shang, G., Tanaka, Y., Saihara, Y., Hou, L., Velasquez, N., Liu, W., & Lu, Y. (2014). Dose-dependent inhibition of gastric injury by hydrogen in alkaline electrolyzed drinking water. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 14, 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-81
- LeBaron,T. W., Sharpe, R., & Ohno, K. (2022). Electrolyzed-Reduced Water: Review I. Molecular Hydrogen Is the Exclusive Agent Responsible for the Therapeutic Effects. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(23),
14750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314750 - Hu, D., Huang, T., Shigeta, M., Ochi, Y., Kabayama, S., Watanabe, Y., & Cui, Y. (2022). Electrolyzed Hydrogen Water Alleviates Abdominal Pain through Suppression of Colonic Tissue Inflammation in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients, 14(21), 4451. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214451
- Iketani, M., Sekimoto, K., Igarashi, T., Takahashi, M., Komatsu, M., Sakane, I., Takahashi, H., Kawaguchi, H., Ohtani-Kaneko, R., & Ohsawa, I. (2018). Administration of hydrogen-rich water prevents vascular aging of the aorta in LDL receptor-deficient mice. Scientific reports, 8(1), 16822. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35239-0
- Choi, Y. A., Lee, D. H., Cho, D. Y., & Lee, Y. J. (2020). Outcomes Assessment of Sustainable and Innovatively Simple Lifestyle Modification at the Workplace – Drinking Electrolyzed-Reduced Water (OASIS-ERW): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(7), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9070564
- Chycki, J., Zając, T., Maszczyk, A., & Kurylas, A. (2017). The effect of mineral-based alkaline water on hydration status and the metabolic response to short-term anaerobic exercise. Biology of sport, 34(3), 255–261. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.66003
- Kajiyama, S., Hasegawa, G., Asano, M., Hosoda, H., Fukui, M., Nakamura, N., Kitawaki, J., Imai, S., Nakano, K., Ohta, M., Adachi, T., Obayashi, H., & Yoshikawa, T. (2008). Supplementation of hydrogen-rich water improves lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.), 28(3), 37–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2008.01.008
- Nakao, A., Toyoda, Y., Sharma, P., Evans, M., & Guthrie, N. (2010). Effectiveness of hydrogen rich water on antioxidant status of subjects with potential metabolic syndrome-an open label pilot study. Journal of clinical biochemistry and
nutrition, 46(2), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.09-100 - Moribe, R., Minami, M., Hirota, R., J-P, N. A., Kabayama, S., Eitoku, M., Yamasaki, K., Kuroiwa, H., & Suganuma, N. (2024). Health Effects of Electrolyzed Hydrogen Water for the Metabolic Syndrome and Pre-Metabolic Syndrome: A 3-Month Randomized Controlled Trial and Subsequent Analyses. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 13(2), 145. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020145
- Quattrini, S., Pampaloni, B., & Brandi, M. L. (2016). Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects. Clinical cases in mineral and bone metabolism : the official journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal Diseases, 13(3), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.11138/ccmbm/2016.13.3.173
- Chycki, J., Kurylas, A., Maszczyk, A., Golas, A., & Zajac, A. (2018). Alkaline water improves exercise-induced metabolic acidosis and enhances anaerobic exercise performance in combat sport athletes. PloS one, 13(11), e0205708. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205708
- Tanaka, Y., Saihara, Y., Izumotani, K., & Nakamura, H. (2019). Daily ingestion of alkaline electrolyzed water containing hydrogen influences human health, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Medical gas research, 8(4), 160–166. https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.248267
- Choi, Y. A., Lee, D. H., Cho, D. Y., & Lee, Y. J. (2020). Outcomes Assessment of Sustainable and Innovatively Simple Lifestyle Modification at the Workplace – Drinking Electrolyzed-Reduced Water (OASIS-ERW): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(7), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9070564
- Quattrini, S., Pampaloni, B., & Brandi, M. L. (2016). Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects. Clinical cases in mineral and bone metabolism : the official journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal Diseases, 13(3), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.11138/ccmbm/2016.13.3.173
- Steffl, M., Kinkorova, I., Talar, K., Jandova, T., Moulisova, K., Omcirk, D., Malecek, J., Chrudimsky, J., Wilk, M., Stastny, P., & Petr, M. (2021). The Effects of High Mineral Alkaline Water Consumed Over Three Consecutive Days on Reaction Time Following Anaerobic Exercise – A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Study. Journal of human kinetics, 78, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0046
- Suzuki, Y., Hishiki, T., Emi, A., Sakaguchi, S., Itamura, R., Yamamoto, R., Matsuzawa, T., Shimotohno, K., Mizokami, M., Nakano, T., & Yamamoto, N. (2021). Strong alkaline electrolyzed water efficiently inactivates SARS-CoV-2, other viruses, and Gram-negative bacteria. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 575, 36–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.048
- LeBaron, T. W., Sharpe, R., & Ohno, K. (2022). Electrolyzed-Reduced Water: Review I. Molecular Hydrogen Is the Exclusive Agent Responsible for the Therapeutic Effects. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(23), 14750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314750
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