{"id":1090,"date":"2023-05-07T19:38:29","date_gmt":"2023-05-07T19:38:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/?p=1090"},"modified":"2023-05-07T21:12:44","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T21:12:44","slug":"what-are-pfoa-chemicals-how-to-remove-pfoa-from-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/what-are-pfoa-chemicals-how-to-remove-pfoa-from-water\/","title":{"rendered":"What are PFOA chemicals? How to remove PFOA from water"},"content":{"rendered":"
PFOA chemical, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), emerging contaminants in drinking water, air, soil, and food.
\nBrought to you by your local food manufacturers, automotive, construction, electronics manufacturers, and hundreds more.<\/p>\n
PFOA is a synthetic chemical that is persistent in the environment and can be found in the bloodstream worldwide. The 3M Corporation invented PFOA in 1947 with several other chemical compounds that the company referred to as “C8” because it has eight carbons bonded to fluorine. It is not easily degraded by natural processes and is toxic to humans. Long-term exposure to PFOA can cause adverse health effects, including cancer, developmental effects, and thyroid hormone disruption. If the water report mentions PFOA, it is imperative to reduce exposure, for example by using a water filtration system. For example, a reverse osmosis filtration system can effectively remove PFOA from water and reduce the risk of exposure.<\/p>\n
PFOA has been detected in public drinking water sources at levels up to 1 \u00b5g\/L (1 ppb).<\/p>\n
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PFOS has been found in some drinking supplies in California.<\/p>\n
Since the 1940s, PFOS has been used in many consumer and industrial products, including carpets, rugs, upholstered furniture, nonstick cookware, and leather goods. PFOS has also been present in some firefighting foams used at airports, firefighter training facilities, and military airfields. It is also present in some imported products<\/p>\n
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Reverse osmosis filtration systems, granular activated carbon filters, and other ion trapping filters can be used to effectively remove PFOA from water and reduce the risk of exposure.<\/p>\n
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Water is forced through a membrane with tiny pores by reverse osmosis using energy. The membrane, which allows water to pass through, prevents many impurities from entering the system.<\/p>\n
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What is a granular activated carbon filter?<\/strong><\/p>\n Dirt builds up on the filter as water passes through it. Carbon filters are a type of filtration system used to remove impurities from drinking water. They work by passing water through a filter that is filled with activated carbon. It is a coal material that absorbs well. Activated carbon absorbs impurities and removes them from the water. Carbon filters remove a wide range of contaminants, including chlorine, lead, mercury, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and pesticides.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n How to remove PFOA from water?<\/strong><\/p>\n PFOA is from a family of 42,000 toxic chemicals. It is a toxic substance found in water that can cause serious health problems. To remove it, consider using: <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n What is ion exchange?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ion exchange or ionization is a highly effective method of removing PFOS, moderately effective in removing PFOA, and failed to remove many PFAS. Some newer resins work better using both ion exchange and absorption properties. In this process, the charged resin attracts specific chemical contaminants that adhere to the surface or are absorbed into the resin. This results in a reduction of PFOA and PFOS ions.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Because PFOA and PFOS repel water and oil, they are used in many industrial applications. Nonstick cookware, food packaging, stain repellants, and fire retardant foams are some examples of products that contain PFOA and PFOS. Inadequate collection and disposal methods lead to these chemicals entering our water sources. In our drinking water, these chemicals have adverse health effects when consumed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n EPA addresses the following adverse effects of PFOA and PFOS in drinking water and its consumption.<\/p>\n It can cause developmental abnormalities in infants if consumed by their mothers during pregnancy. Accelerated puberty, lower birth weight, skeletal changes, etc. are common risks for infants.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Visit www.lifewaterreport.com<\/a> and enter your zip code to find out what’s really in your family’s drinking water. Then you will learn how you can remove them<\/p>\n toxins and ensure your water is SAFE!<\/p>\n Questions: info@lifewaterreport.com<\/a><\/p>\n 808-425-0474 Hawaii Time Zone 7:00 AM to 3:00 AM<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Abbott BD, Wolf CJ, Schmid JE, Das KP, Zehr RD, Helfant L, Nakayama S, Lindstrom AB, Strynar MJ, Lau C. 2007. Perfluorooctanoic acid induced developmental toxicity in the mouse is dependent on expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha. Toxicol Sci 98(2): 571-581. Abbott BD, Wolf CJ, Das KP, Zehr RD, Schmid JE, Lindstrom AB, Strynar MJ, Lau C. 2009. Developmental toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is not dependent on expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha) in the mouse. Reprod Toxicol 27(3-4): 258-265. Anderson-Mahoney P, Kotlerman J, Takhar H, Gray D, Dahlgren J. 2008. Self-reported health effects among community residents exposed to perfluorooctanoate. New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy 18(2): 129-143. Ashley-Martin J, Dodds L, Levy AR, Platt RW, Marshall JS, Arbuckle TE. 2015. Prenatal exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A and perfluoroalkyl substances and cord blood levels of IgE, TSLP and IL-33. Environ Res 140: 360-368. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). 2009. Draft Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls. Atlanta, GA: Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine\/Applied Toxicology Branch. US Department of Health and Human Services: 404. Available:\u00a0http:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/toxprofiles\/tp200.pdf<\/a>. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). 2015. Draft Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls. Atlanta, GA: Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine\/Applied Toxicology Branch. US Department of Health and Human Services: 574. Available:\u00a0http:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/toxprofiles\/tp200.pdf<\/a>. Baccam M, Woo SY, Vinson C, Bishop GA. 2003. CD40-mediated transcriptional regulation of the IL-6 gene in B lymphocytes: involvement of NF-kappa B, AP-1, and C\/EBP. J Immunol 170(6): 3099-3108. Beeh KM, Ksoll M, Buhl R. 2000. Elevation of total serum immunoglobulin E is associated with asthma in nonallergic individuals. Eur Respir J 16(4): 609-614. Bishop GA, Hostager BS. 2003. The CD40-CD154 interaction in B cell-T cell liaisons. Cytokine & growth factor reviews 14(3-4): 297-309. Brieger A, Bienefeld N, Hasan R, Goerlich R, Haase H. 2011. Impact of perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid on human peripheral leukocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 25(4): 960-968. Buser MC, Scinicariello F. 2016. Perfluoroalkyl substances and food allergies in adolescents. Environ Int 88: 74-79. Butenhoff J, Costa G, Elcombe C, Farrar D, Hansen K, Iwai H, Jung R, Kennedy G, Jr., Lieder P, Olsen G, Thomford P. 2002. Toxicity of ammonium perfluorooctanoate in male cynomolgus monkeys after oral dosing for 6 months. Toxicol Sci 69(1): 244-257. Calafat AM, Kuklenyik Z, Reidy JA, Caudill SP, Tully JS, Needham LL. 2007. Serum concentrations of 11 polyfluoroalkyl compounds in the u.s. population: data from the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES). Environ Sci Technol 41(7): 2237-2242. CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2015. Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: Updated Tables, February 2015. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available:\u00a0http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/exposurereport\/pdf\/FourthReport_UpdatedTables_Feb2015.pdf<\/a>\u00a0[accessed 11 March 2015]. Corsini E, Avogadro A, Galbiati V, dell’Agli M, Marinovich M, Galli CL, Germolec DR. 2011. In vitro evaluation of the immunotoxic potential of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 250(2): 108-116. Systematic Review of Immunotoxicity Associated with Exposure to PFOA or PFOS 88 Corsini E, Sangiovanni E, Avogadro A, Galbiati V, Viviani B, Marinovich M, Galli CL, Dell’Agli M, Germolec DR. 2012. In vitro characterization of the immunotoxic potential of several perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 258(2): 248-255. Corton J. 2010. Mode of action analysis and human relevance of liver tumors induced by PPAR-alpha activation. In: Cancer Risk Assessment: Chemical Carcinogenesis from Biology to Standards Quantification. Hsu C-H, Stedeford T, eds. Hoboken, NJ. Costa G, Sartori S, Consonni D. 2009. Thirty years of medical surveillance in perfluooctanoic acid production workers. J Occup Environ Med 51(3): 364-372. Dallaire F, Dewailly E, Ayotte P. 2005. Approaches to Immunotoxicology in Human Population Studies. In: Investigative Immunotoxicology. Tryphonas H, Fournier M, Blakeley BR, Smits JE, Brousseau P, eds. New York, NY, Taylor and Francis: 247-265. Dewitt JC, Copeland CB, Strynar MJ, Luebke RW. 2008. Perfluorooctanoic acid-induced immunomodulation in adult C57BL\/6J or C57BL\/6N female mice. Environ Health Perspect 116(5): 644-650. DeWitt JC, Copeland CB, Luebke RW. 2009a. Suppression of humoral immunity by perfluorooctanoic acid is independent of elevated serum corticosterone concentration in mice. Toxicol Sci 109(1): 106-112. DeWitt JC, Shnyra A, Badr MZ, Loveless SE, Hoban D, Frame SR, Cunard R, Anderson SE, Meade BJ, Peden-Adams MM, Luebke RW, Luster MI. 2009b. Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Crit Rev Toxicol 39(1): 76-94. DeWitt JC, Peden-Adams MM, Keller JM, Germolec DR. 2012. Immunotoxicity of perfluorinated compounds: recent developments. Toxicol Pathol 40(2): 300-311. DeWitt JC, Williams WC, Creech NJ, Luebke RW. 2016. Suppression of antigen-specific antibody responses in mice exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid: Role of PPARalpha and T- and B-cell targeting. J Immunotoxicol 13(1): 38-45. Dietert RR, ed. 2010. Immunotoxicity Testing: Methods and Protocols. New York, NY: Hummana Press. Dong G, Zheng L, Jin Y, Lu X, Liu J, He Q. 2009a. Effect of oral exposure to Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) on spleen T cell subsets CD4+\/CD8+ of C57BL\/6 mice. Huanjing Kexue Xuebao \/ Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae 29(1): 181-185. Dong GH, Zhang YH, Zheng L, Liu W, Jin YH, He QC. 2009b. Chronic effects of perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure on immunotoxicity in adult male C57BL\/6 mice. Arch Toxicol 83(9): 805-815. Dong GH, Liu MM, Wang D, Zheng L, Liang ZF, Jin YH. 2011. Sub-chronic effect of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) on the balance of type 1 and type 2 cytokine in adult C57BL6 mice. Arch Toxicol 85(10): 1235-1244. Dong GH, Zhang YH, Zheng L, Liang ZF, Jin YH, He QC. 2012. Subchronic effects of perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure on inflammation in adult male C57BL\/6 mice. Environ Toxicol 27(5): 285-296. Dong GH, Tung KY, Tsai CH, Liu MM, Wang D, Liu W, Jin YH, Hsieh WS, Lee YL, Chen PC. 2013. Serum polyfluoroalkyl concentrations, asthma outcomes, and immunological markers in a case-control study of Taiwanese children. Environ Health Perspect 121(4): 507-513, 513e501-508. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority). 2008. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and their Salts. The EFSA Journal 653: 1-131. Available:<\/p>\n . Fair PA, Driscoll E, Mollenhauer MA, Bradshaw SG, Yun SH, Kannan K, Bossart GD, Keil DE, Peden-Adams MM. 2011. Effects of environmentally-relevant levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate on clinical parameters and immunological functions in B6C3F1 mice. J Immunotox 8(1): 17-29. Fair PA, Romano T, Schaefer AM, Reif JS, Bossart GD, Houde M, Muir D, Adams J, Rice C, Hulsey TC, Peden-Adams M. 2013. Associations between perfluoroalkyl compounds and immune and clinical chemistry parameters in highly exposed bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Environ Toxicol Chem 32(4): 736-746. Systematic Review of Immunotoxicity Associated with Exposure to PFOA or PFOS 89 Fairley KJ, Purdy R, Kearns S, Anderson SE, Meade B. 2007. Exposure to the immunosuppressant, perfluorooctanoic acid, enhances the murine IgE and airway hyperreactivity response to ovalbumin. Toxicol Sci 97(2): 375- 383. Fei C, McLaughlin JK, Lipworth L, Olsen J. 2010. Prenatal exposure to PFOA and PFOS and risk of hospitalization for infectious diseases in early childhood. Environ Res 110(8): 773-777. Fischer A, Koeper LM, Vohr HW. 2011. Specific antibody responses of primary cells from different cell sources are able to predict immunotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 25(8): 1966-1973. Fletcher T, Steenland K, Savitz D. 2012. Probable link evaluation for Non-infectious Lung Disease (Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – COPD). C8 Science Panel. 1-7. Available:\u00a0http:\/\/www.c8sciencepanel.org\/pdfs\/Probable_Link_C8_Respiratory_Disease_30Jul2012.pdf<\/a>. Fu R, Gartlehner G, Grant M, Shamliyan T, Sedrakyan A, Wilt TJ, Griffith L, Oremus M, Raina P, Ismaila A, Santaguida P, Lau J, Trikalinos TA. 2011. Conducting quantitative synthesis when comparing medical interventions: AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program. J Clin Epidemiol 64(11): 1187-1197. Galli SJ, Tsai M. 2012. IgE and mast cells in allergic disease. Nat Med 18(5): 693-704. Germolec D. 2009. Explanation of Levels of Evidence for Immune System Toxicity. Research Triangle Park, NC. Available:<\/p>\n . Glynn A, Berger U, Bignert A, Ullah S, Aune M, Lignell S, Darnerud PO. 2012. Perfluorinated alkyl acids in blood serum from primiparous women in Sweden: serial sampling during pregnancy and nursing, and temporal trends 1996-2010. Environ Sci Technol 46(16): 9071-9079. Grandjean P, Andersen EW, Budtz-Jorgensen E, Nielsen F, Molbak K, Weihe P, Heilmann C. 2012. Serum vaccine antibody concentrations in children exposed to perfluorinated compounds. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 307(4): 391-397. Granum B, Haug LS, Namork E, Stolevik SB, Thomsen C, Aaberge IS, van Loveren H, Lovik M, Nygaard UC. 2013. Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances may be associated with altered vaccine antibody levels and immune-related health outcomes in early childhood. J Immunotox 10(4): 373-379. Griffith FD, Long JE. 1980. Animal toxicity studies with ammonium perfluorooctanoate. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 41(8): 576-583. Guruge KS, Hikono H, Shimada N, Murakami K, Hasegawa J, Yeung LW, Yamanaka N, Yamashita N. 2009. Effect of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on influenza A virus-induced mortality in female B6C3F1 mice. J Toxicol Sci 34(6): 687-691. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Akl EA, Kunz R, Vist G, Brozek J, Norris S, Falck-Ytter Y, Glasziou P, Debeer H, Jaeschke R, Rind D, Meerpohl J, Dahm P, Schunemann HJ. 2011. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol 64(4): 383-394. Hartung T, Corsini E. 2013. Immunotoxicology: challenges in the 21st century and in vitro opportunities. Altex 30(4): 411-426. Higgins J, Green S. 2011. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, The Cochrane Collaboration. Hu Q, Strynar MJ, DeWitt JC. 2010. Are developmentally exposed C57BL\/6 mice insensitive to suppression of TDAR by PFOA? J Immunotoxicol 7(4): 344-349. Humblet O, Diaz-Ramirez LG, Balmes JR, Pinney SM, Hiatt RA. 2014. Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Asthma among Children 12-19 Years of Age: NHANES (1999-2008). Environ Health Perspect 122(10): 1129-1133. ICH (International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use). 2005. Immunotoxicity Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals S8 11.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" PFOA chemical, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), emerging contaminants in drinking water, air, soil, and food. Brought to you by your local food manufacturers, automotive, construction, electronics manufacturers, and hundreds more. PFOA is a synthetic chemical that is persistent in the environment and can be found in the bloodstream worldwide. The 3M Corporation invented… Continue reading What are PFOA chemicals? How to remove PFOA from water<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1091,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1090"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1090"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1090\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifewaterreport.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n!. activated carbon filtration
\nThis is the only one that can provide you with pure, safe drinking water.<\/p>\n\n
\nThis is one of the best systems for removing up to 99% of contaminants. But you must use a post-mineral cartridge system to replace the minerals removed by RO, as RO water is electron deficient and causes health problems.<\/li>\n
\nThis is one of the best systems for removing up to 99% of contaminants. But you must use a post-mineral cartridge system to replace the minerals removed by RO, as RO water is electron deficient and causes health problems.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nWhat is the source of these chemicals in your drinking water?<\/strong><\/h4>\n
What are the health risks of PFOA and PFOS in drinking water?<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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What is in your water?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Reference<\/strong><\/h3>\n